These functions use information from scandata.xml to determine size and url for each page.īecause web browsers generally cannot display JPEG2000 images, a piece of code called BookReaderImages.php performs on-the-fly JPEG2000 to JPEG conversion on the cluster. Also, since some pages are not supposed to be displayed, the getPageURI() function maps an "index number" that the book reader uses to a "leaf number" that corresponds to an image in the jp2.zip file. The raw images, the cropped and deskewed images, and the scandata.xml file are available for each book on .īecause crop boxes can vary between pages for Internet Archive books, the getPageWidth() and getPageHeight() functions can return a different size for each image in the book. The cropped and deskewed images are stored in JPEG 2000 format in a zip file called bookid_jp2.zip. This information is also stored in scandata.xml. During this process, some images, such as color cards, white cards, and tissue paper pages, are marked as pages that should not be displayed. The size of the cropped image is stored in a file called scandata.xml. During the book scanning process, each page is imaged using a high-resolution digital camera, and then each page is cropped and deskewed. Scaling is done in the web browser.įor books scanned by the Internet Archive and stored on, bookreader operation is a bit more complex. The images are all the same size, and two functions in BookReaderJSSimple.js, getPageWidth() and getPageHeight(), return the page size. ![]() Images are numbered sequentially and stored in a directory called "StandAloneImages". In the case of the Standalone Demo, operation is fairly simple. Works with a variety of image servers, or a simple directory of images Support for foldouts and variable page size for Yiddish and Chinese)įull-text search with highlighting of search results Single-Page, Two-page, and Thumbnail view You can also link to a specific page and specify that two-page mode should be used: To use your own images you would modify BookReaderJSSimple.js to connect the BookReader with your book's page images and metadata.įor books hosted on the Internet Archive the BookReader can be embedded on any site that allows you to add an iframe, for example using the code below. Once you've downloaded the source code you can open BookReaderDemo/index.html in your web browser and you should see an example book.
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![]() They also perform well to some extent in the Battle Cats game. Some of the top characters in group B+ are Windy and Vars. Most of the cats in this group are good performers but in some situations. The leading characters in group A are Tropical Kalisa and Thundia. The main characters in group A+ are Yukimura and Mighty Rekon Korps. These two cats have got the skill to freeze the enemy that’s why their role is very important. The top characters in group S are Togeluga and Tecoluga. Le'boin appeared as a regular enemy in Nyanko Daibōsō.The leading characters in the group SS are Mitama and Jizo.
Designs of RCTs have become increasingly diverse as new methods have been proposed to evaluate increasingly complex scientific hypotheses. There are many RCT designs and features that can be selected to address a research hypothesis. This is the sample of the test results of the knee point calculation.Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are considered the highest level of evidence to establish causal associations in clinical research. The Knee point voltage of the CT is the voltage as per step No.5. If the secondary current increase is 50% with an increase in this 10% voltage. ![]() Increase the voltage above 110% of KPV, and observe the increase in the secondary current.Now increase the voltage to 100% of KPV and note down the current.Increase the voltage gradually to 20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90 % of the rated knee point of the CT and note down the secondary current.Apply 5-10 % voltage of the knee point voltage to the secondary of the CT by auto-transformer.Note down the knee point voltage of CT ( as per datasheet of the CT).Disconnect the CT from all external connection.Test Set-up: Test Procedure for knee point Voltage calculation of CT : The test procedure is very simple and can be done if the variable voltage source is available. The current transformer of the PS class can be tested for whether or not the CT has the knee point voltage as per the manufacturer specifications. How to Check the Knee Point voltage of the CT? If the knee point voltage calculated on the basis of the power network is higher than the specified knee point voltage of CT, then there is a chance of CT saturation during a fault in the power network, and probably the protection relay will not operate. Knee point voltage of the current transformer is īased on the above calculation, check the rated knee point voltage of CT. If the system fault current is 30 KA, CTR-600/5, RCT+RL+RR=0.5 Ohm RCT = CT Secondary Winding Resistance, in Ohms If = Maximum Fault Current at the location, in Amperes K = Constant, conventionally taken as 2.0 Knee Point Voltage Formula:ĬT Knee Point Voltage can be calculated using the formula R is the total resistance of the secondary of the CT. The CT knee point calculation can simply be done using Ohm’s Law. The Knee Point Voltage has significance when the CT is used for differential or REF protection. The initial point of the graph is known as an ankle point of the magnetization curve of CT. ![]() The point K on the below-given graph is the ‘Knee Point’. The Knee point voltage is selected for PS class(Differential protection) CTs at half of the knee point voltage so that the point lies in between the ankle and the knee point of the magnetization curve of the CT. Therefore, both the set of CTs used at the primary and secondary side of the equipment must have the same knee point voltage and the excitation current(Ie) at Vk/2. ![]() If there is variation in knee point voltage of CTs, the CT having less knee point voltage(KPV) will get saturated in case of the external fault and the differential protection relay will get tripped with nuisance tripping. The magnetizing characteristics of both LV & HV sides CTs used for differential protection must have the same knee point voltage V k and the same excitation current I e at V k/2. Importance of Knee Point Voltage for PS class CT: The knee point indicates the CT saturation point on the magnetization curve or B-H curve. The knee point is an important parameter for CT selection for a particular electrical installation. CT Magnetization CurveĪbove knee point, the CT gets saturated. Definition of KPV according to IEC : What is the knee point?Īccording to IEC, Knee Point Voltage of a Current Transformer is defined as the voltage at which a 10 % increase in voltage of CT secondary results in a 50 % increase in secondary current. For voltages greater than the knee point voltage, the magnetizing current increases considerably even for small increments in voltageacross the secondary terminals. 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